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The hydrogen market in India is predominantly grey hydrogen, produced from natural gas, accounting for about 5.6 million tonnes annually, which is nearly 6 per cent of global consumption. However, India aims to transition to green hydrogen, produced using renewable energy, to support its low-carbon economy goals. The National Green Hydrogen Mission (NGHM) launched by the Government of India (GoI) aims to establish at least 5 million tonnes of green hydrogen production capacity by 2030,…

Hydropower has a history dating back to the late 19th century, contributing to societal and economic development. However, the sector faced challenges, particularly in the 1990s, when numerous projects were criticized for their adverse environmental and social impacts. This criticism led to a decline in new projects and heightened scrutiny. The establishment of the World Commission on Dams (WCD) in 1998 marked a shift towards more sustainable practices. The WCD set guidelines to safeguard the…